Content Log

Cloud vs. Open Source? I don't think so!

Photo Credit: aufziehvogel2006 (Kai) at Flickr

There are some who are asking if cloud will have an impact the growth of Open Source. For instance, my fellow AIIM board member Lubor Ptacek from OpenText suggests in his predictions for 2012 that "the Great Open Source Movement will hit the trough of disillusionment in 2012 - courtesy of the cloud." Presumably Lubor means Content Management in the cloud, because the cloud runs on Open Source. Operating System? Open Source (Linux as in LAMP)! Database? Open Source! Web Server? Open Source! Big Data? Open Source! App Development? Open Source! The cloud runs on Open Source and not Open Text -- or Oracle or IBM or Microsoft. I am assuming that he means the Open Source that has been a threat to his business of ECM (OpenText) or WCM (Vignette) and therefore he means Alfresco for ECM and Drupal and Joomla for WCM.

At Alfresco, Open Source offers no hype cycle "trough of disillusion"; we only seem to be seeing the "Slope of Enlightenment". Our Open Source Community platform continues to grow apace driven by new releases, such as the new Alfresco 4. There are now over 3.5 million downloads of Alfresco and the number of Community installations is in six figures. As a business, bookings grew 60% year over year in our last fiscal quarter ending in November. This growth is based upon significant revenue figures, not small numbers, and we are now the second largest Open Source company by revenue after Red Hat. We have a real business with over 2000 significant customers using Alfresco for mission critical information in many important industries. If that is disillusionment Lubor, I would hate to think on which slope OpenText is right now!

There is nothing to suggest that cloud and Open Source are mutually exclusive. The cloud is built from open source and if open source is architected to run in the cloud, it will. At Alfresco we have spent the last several years building multi-tenancy and scalability features into the Alfresco system to ensure that it can run in the cloud. This January we launched our cloud offering into beta and expect it to go into production later this Spring. The cloud will become yet another means of using Alfresco as well as trying the product before you buy. I have already articulated the use cases that we think will be important for running in the cloud. In addition, since Alfresco is capable of running an entire system on a single virtual machine or Amazon AWS instance, Alfresco is already used in many private and on-demand deployments. Rather than a threat, the cloud becomes a really big opportunity!

So rather than the cloud being a threat to Open Source, I presume that Lubor means cloud-based file sharing services such as Dropbox, Box, Huddle and others are a threat. Some of these are on the sharp edge of the Hype cycle and are gaining a lot of marketing oxygen as a result. There is no doubt of the popularity of Dropbox compared to anything in ECM, there are reportedly in excess of 50 million users. However, Dropbox is very complementary with Alfresco, which is why we will be providing an integration to/from Dropbox in the near future. Box is a company with more enterprise aspirations, comparing themselves to SharePoint, and although we rarely see them in the market today, we may in the future. However, Box is nothing like a SharePoint, or Alfresco or any other real content management system, as it lacks important features for content and document management such as metadata, workflow, rules and more than rudimentary policies. We shall see how cloud-based file management services and content management in the cloud evolve over the coming couple of years based upon the use cases I mentioned earlier.

As with on-premise proprietary systems, Open Source offerings in the cloud can provide advantages over closed cloud-based offerings. Rather than being the domain of tinkerers, Open Source is mandated as preferred first choice by many governments and organizations. Open Source is transparent and you know exactly how it works. Unlike running software on-premise, you have no idea how software works in the cloud, how it is encrypted or how your data is being stored. In addition, Open Source means that you are not locked into the software that you are running, whether it is running in the cloud or not. You have the choice to deploy it elsewhere and there is not cost to doing so. Open Source as a development model means that the Community is creating new solutions and news extensions, many of which will be very useful for cloud-based solutions. I look forward to sharing some of these with you in the coming months. Far from being at a disadvantage, I see Open Source as being a distinct advantage in the Cloud.

I think a more interesting question is how both cloud-based file management services and open source content management affect the existing ECM sector, which is already stuck in neutral. Having the flexibility to move into the cloud, even a private one, offers new opportunities to explore new applications, deployment scenarios, and business models. As far as I am aware, OpenText, Documentum and FileNet (correct me if I'm wrong) are incapable of running in the cloud. They all require multiple servers running different complex configurations just to get a single instance up. Last I heard, OpenText has a fragile url configuration that couldn't possibly work in a virtualized, cloud environment. And last I heard EMC Documentum was not even certified to run on VMware. I doubt we will see a public service of these systems in my lifetime. What use cases and business opportunities could this preclude?

Seems to me that ECM's "Plateau of Productivity" is tailing off and that represents threats for the large guys and opportunities for the new. I am actually very excited about the cloud and what it can bring and I have never had more faith in Open Source as a way to address those opportunities.

Alfresco launches new Activiti Business Process Management Initiative

Today Alfresco launched a new open source project, Activiti Business Process Management Suite along with the Spring Source division of VMware, Signavio and Camunda. We are also very pleased that Tom Baeyens, project founder of JBPM and BPM expert, has joined Alfresco along with his fellow architect Joram Barrez. They bring a wealth of business process experience to a clean slate to build a next generation BPM system that will be licensed under the Apache 2.0 license. This combination can have profound implications for both the business process and content management spaces.

Tom Baeyens 

Activiti emerged from our desire to have an Apache-licensed BPM engine. Although we were quite happy with the jBPM engine, it's LGPL license was preventing us from OEM's Alfresco to larger software companies that were concerned about any open source license with the letter G in it. It's irrelevant that they shouldn't be concerned about it, we intended to take care of it. It's understandable that RedHat did not want to change its license, but our business needs dictated that we needed to find an alternative.

At the same time, Tom also felt that jBPM should be Apache licensed, but for different reasons. The OMG was making strong progress toward BPMN 2.0 as not just a modeling language, but adding execution semantics to create a language that could be used both for design and for execution. He felt that with the primary design vendors using this tool, the time was right for an Apache-licensed BPM engine. An Apache-license could take the BPM system to where BPM was needed, which was everywhere!

After a very short discussion, Tom and Joram joined Alfresco just a couple of months ago and they are already ready to put out their first alpha version of the Activiti BPM engine. They have both been working on this so long, they can create an engine from scratch in their sleep. However, the blank slate has allowed them to think about some of the issues that weren't even around when jBPM was created. For instance, how can you use NOSQL and eventual consistency to create an engine that can scale into the Cloud? What kind of role can scripting through JSR 223 play to enable the use of languages other than Java, such as Groovy, JRuby or JavaScript? How can you create open touch points to content management through CMIS and the OpenCMIS API in Apache Chemistry?

By answering these questions, Activiti is addressing the requirements of business process management for new applications. The Activiti engine as small as a few classes that are embedded in your application or as big as an internet and consumer scale engagement server. Applications that wouldn't have even considered a large scale, stand alone workflow server because of cost and complexity will now be able to freely embed a business process engine. However, new Cloud applications

In Activiti, we don't only have a BPM engine. There is a complete suite with the engine including a designer from Signavio, user tools and control consoles. Signavio had already been working with BPMN 2.0 and had an MIT license for their designer. Although they have working relationships with other ECM vendors, they are quite happy to work with the wider open source community. Their browser-based and AJAX approach to BPM design will make process design more accessible to non-developer business analysts. This approach and the future proofing and lock-in removal of the BPMN 2.0 standard may be one of the most revolutionary aspects of the Activiti project.

 

Activiti Process Modeler

Our intention is submit the Activiti engine to the Apache Foundation. We have another new employee, Nick Burch, who is the lead for Apache POI http://poi.apache.org/ and will help guide us through the Apache process. Nick has already been instrumental in moving the OpenCMIS project into Apache Chemistry. We shall provide support for Activiti when it is used in conjunction with the Alfresco engine, but do so in a style that is consistent with an Apache project. We also intend to continue support for jBPM for our Alfresco Enterprise customers as well as connections to other process engines, but Activiti will become the default BPM engine for Alfresco.

Activiti is available as Alpha now at the Activiti web site. Screenshots are also available. We are looking at General Availability at the end of the year. We are looking to incorporate Activiti into Alfresco in a release at the end of 2010.

We hope to see more people involved in Activiti. This is as much a good thing for our open source competitors as it is for us. With a common set of interfaces around CMIS and OpenCMIS, this will allow all of us, including those built upon PHP, to share common workflow capabilities and tools. Who couldn't be happy with that? :-)

There have already been a couple of interesting blogs from:

 

• Tom Baeyens, Alfresco Creates Activiti
• Matt Aslett, Alfresco’s new Activiti en route to Apache
• Sandy Kemsley, Open Source BPM with Alfresco’s Activiti